Scac systems fragmentation
What it takes to Manage a Supply Chain¶
Two Dimensions¶
- Multiple Levels of Functionality –> Layers
- Scopes
How systems vendors have responded¶
- Fragmentation, banana slide (w/o WES)
- Why is it like this? How did we get here?
- Very complex domains: Intersection between Physical and Information Worlds
- Multiple Technologies
- Siloed, Top-Down planning paradigm (will come back to that)
- In SC, unlike in manufacturing there was less pressure to reduce inventory levels
What is happening now¶
- E-commerce, JIT/Lean
- Multi-Enterprise Supply Chains/Networks (Jarillo?)
What does it look like to execute with the current systems¶
- Collect-Forecast-Transmit-Batch-Plan-…
- Bullwhip effect
- This is called Push operations because it “pushes” products downstream in the supply chain. It is also a “fire and forget” top-down approach
- Reasonable when feedback information is not available or too expensive
- It has terrible control properties where an error in measurement gets multiplied by 20-100x in delays and late shipments.
So, What to do?¶
- Operations need to be “reactive” to conditions on the ground.
- To do that you need “real-time” signals to inform decision making
- Decision making needs to be agile and local but aligned with global goals and priorities
- ==> Switch:
- From “Vertical Tasks” to “Horizontal Signals”
- From Pushing a plan to being Pulled by Demand
- Waveless or continuous fulfillment instead of waved/batched
- Some companies & solutions are already well underway
- Amazon
- Fortna
- Not new in manufacturing (JIT supply chains like Toyota pioneered)
- But confined to “single company” scope
Extending it to Multi-Enterprise Networks¶
More trouble ahead:
- Public/Private information
- Outdated & Broken data exchange standards (EDI)
- Data Quality
- Patchwork of 3rd parties
Some encouraging trends:¶
- Emergence of WES (banana + WES)
Modern WES vendors:
- GreyOrange
Technology Enabled Providers
- Shipbob, Shipmonk, …
- Convoy, Uber Freight, Cargomatic
Networked solutions
- Banyan, Cargomatic
Emerging Standards: DCSA
Adoption of technology
- Flexible Automation (easier to integrate in pull operations, already sensor rich)
- Cloud systems (ease of interconnection) & Modern API’s
- AI Applications
- De-noise data
- “Upscale” protocols from human materials to machine-readable
- Speed of interconnection/integration of systems